Enzymes that are found inside the cells are responsible for various tasks. They are building blocks of muscles; destroy toxins and breaks down food into particles for proper digestion. Shape of an ...

While red blood cells were first observed under a microscope in 1658, it was until the 1800s that white blood cells were discovered. Since then, both red and white blood cells have been of interest to ...

Interferons (IFNs) are widely expressed cytokines with strong antiviral properties. There are three main types of IFNs: type I IFNs, type II IFN and type III IFNs. In addition to their role in ...

How the brain functions is still a black box: scientists aren’t even sure how many kinds of nerve cells exist in the brain. To know how the brain works, they need to know not only what types of nerve ...

Enhancers are genetic elements that have major roles in determining cell type-specific gene expression patterns and responses to internal and external signals. Mammalian genomes contain millions of ...