It hardly conducts any electricity at all, so we can say it’s an electrical insulator. Inside the plastic, all the electrons are tightly bound to the atoms, so the charges cannot move very far ...

Topological insulators are strange stuff – the bulk of this material is insulating and cannot carry an electrical current, yet the surfaces of the same material are conducting. This means that charged ...

so we call them electrical insulators. Copper and other metals are conductors, which allow the free movement of electrons throughout the material. Transition metals are also excellent thermal ...

Porcelain insulators are crucial components in electrical transmission and distribution systems, primarily due to their excellent electrical properties, mechanical strength, and durability.

Topological insulators are materials that are insulating in their interior but can support the flow of electrons on their surface. The underlying cause is time-reversal symmetry: their physics is ...